March 7, 2008
The spectre of food shortages is casting a shadow across the
globe, causing riots in Africa, consumer protests in Europe
and panic in food-importing countries. In a world of
increasing affluence, the hoarding of rice and wheat has
begun. The President of the Philippines made an
unprecedented call last week to the Vietnamese Prime
Minister, requesting that he promise to supply a quantity of
rice.
The personal appeal by Gloria Arroyo to Nguyen Tan Dung for
a guarantee was a highly unusual intervention and
highlighted the Philippines’ dependence on food imports,
rice in particular.
“This is a wake-up call,” said Robert Zeigler, who heads
the International Rice Research Institute. “We have a
crisis brewing in rice supply.” Half of the planet depends
on rice but stocks are at their lowest since the mid1970s
when Bangladesh suffered a terrible famine. Rice production
will fall this year below the global consumption level of
430 million tonnes.
Street protests and rioting in West Africa towards the end
of last year were a harbinger of bigger problems, the World
Food Programme said. The global information and early
warning system of the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO)
has monitored outbreaks of rioting in Mexico, Morocco,
Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guinea, Mauritania and Senegal. There
have also been protests in Jakarta, the Indonesian capital,
over government price increases.Population pressure and
increased wealth are mainly to blame for the resurgence of
food insecurity. More people are eating meat and dairy
products in Asia, which increases the demand on the
animal-feed industry. Milk powder prices rose from $2,000 to
$4,800 per tonne last year as rising consumption of milk
products in Asia coincided with shortages in the Western
world. Drought in Australia has worsened the problem as have
government policies in Europe and America to increase the
use of biofuels.
Mounting concern about rice has prompted the Indian
Government to restrict exports of certain varieties. The
measure triggered a surge in global rice prices, which have
risen 50 per cent in a year, according to the FAO. The rice
shortage is even felt in Britain where the price of basmati,
the biggest-selling variety, is rising rapidly.
Wheat is suffering even greater pressures, with prices up
115 per cent in a year. A succession of droughts in
Australia has put upward pressure on the cost of a food
commodity that is already in short supply. Stocks are at a
40-year low and exports are being restricted from Beijing to
Buenos Aires. Ukraine started closing its door to grain
exports in June and Russia set a 40 per cent export tariff
on wheat in January.
Argentina has delayed the reopening of its wheat export
registry until April to protect domestic supplies, and
China, a net exporter of corn, rice and wheat last year, has
imposed export quotas on grain in order to stem runaway food
price inflation. A surge in its inflation index in December
was blamed entirely on rising food prices, notably pork,
which rose 48 per cent.
Farmers worldwide are worried about feed costs. In Europe
pig and poultry breeders are threatening to cut production
unless they are paid higher prices.
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article3500975.ece
www.standeyo.com/NEWS/08_Food_Water/080309.signs.hoading.html